中国宪法文本中财产权规范的三重面向分析

A normative analysis of the three aspects of property rights in Chinese Constitution

宪法财产权规范是国家承认、尊重和保护公民财产权利的重要依据。新中国成立以来,我国历部宪法基于财产权“社会”“自由”和“经济”面向,对财产权作出了不同的安排:先呈现以“财产权社会面向为主,经济和自由面向为辅”的模式,随后进入以“财产权的社会、经济面向为主,自由面向为辅”的模式,最后发展为以“财产权的自由、经济和社会面向并重”的模式。宪法对不同价值面向的强调,产生了以“财产权不受侵犯即限制国家公权力”、以“财产权社会义务即服从国家公共利益安排”以及以“财产权的投资、收益为内容即获得特别牺牲补偿”的宪法效果,这些为我国其他法律中财产权保护规范的解释框定了空间。

The constitutional property rights norms are an important basis for the state to recognize,respect and protect citizens'property rights.Since the founding of New China,all the previous constitutions of China have made different normative arrangements for property rights based on the“social”“free”and“economic”aspects of property rights.At first,it is the model that“the social aspect of property rights is the main one,and the economic and freedom aspects are the supplement”,then enters the model that“the social and economic aspect of property rights is the main one,and the freedom aspect is the supplement”,and finally develops into the model that“the freedom,economic and social aspect of property rights are equal”.The Constitution emphasizes on different values has produced different constitutional effects,that is“restricting the public power of the state”“obeying the public interests of the state”and“obtaining special compensation for sacrifice”,which provides a framework for the interpretation of the norms of property rights protection for other laws of China.