我国建立校园警察制度的可行性证成与本土化构想

Feasibility and Localization of Campus Police System in China

校园安全事关学生健康成长和全面发展。起源于上世纪中叶美国的校园警察制度,以其专门化的立法、专属化的管理、专项化的职责、专业化的队伍和全面化的保障为美国校园安全维护发挥了巨大作用。校园警察制度拥有协同理论、犯罪预防理论、多中心秩序理论等坚实理论支撑,面对我国校园安全立法缺位、校园安全事故频发和现有安保队伍不足的现状,加上多年来校园警务的尝试和经验积累,确有进行移植和借鉴的可行性,但还需结合我国国情进行本土化转换。通过完善校园安全相关立法、设立校园警察这一新型警种、明确其职权职责、建立多层次的安保队伍,构建具有我国特色的校园警察制度,将能为我国校园安全的保障发挥积极作用。

Campus security concerns the healthy growth and all-round development of students.The campus police system originated in the United States in the middle of the last century,with its specialized legislation,exclusive management,special responsibility,professional team and comprehensive guarantee,has played a huge role in the maintenance of campus security in the United States.Through the coordination theory,theory of crime prevention,polycentric order theory to examine the campus police system,in the face of our campus security legislation absence,the campus safety accident frequency and the existing problems such as insufficient security team and years of attempting to campus police and the accumulation of experience,it can be ported and reference,but also localization transformation should be carried out in combination with the situation of our country.It will play a positive role in ensuring campus security by improving campus security,establishing campus police as a new type of police,clarifying their functions and responsibilities,establishing multi-level security teams and constructing campus police system with Chinese characteristics.