预期悲伤理论视域中社会工作专业硕士生结案经历与挑战

Experiences and Challenges in Termination of MSW Students in the Perspective of Anticipatory Grief Theory

社会工作专业硕士实务教育注重专业实习,而结案是微观社会工作实务流程中的重要环节。结案中实习生和案主都要面对专业关系结束可能带来的预期悲伤,而实习生需要处理案主和自身的结案反应,由此需要应对诸多挑战。在预期悲伤理论指导下,本文探寻社工硕士学生在个案工作实习中的结案经历,试图说明他们在结案中面对的挑战。通过对十名社工硕士学生实习经历的回顾性研究发现,社工硕士学生在自然结案、案主发起的结案和强制结案的经历中体验到案主和自身的多种结案反应,他们运用回顾和肯定、澄清身份等多项结案技巧结束了专业服务关系。在此过程中,他们面对了专业技能需要提升、案主依赖、结案后联络、学校教育和机构督导有待调整等方面的挑战。根据这些发现,本文提出了结案实务和研究方面的建议,以促进学生的实习收获和成长。

Field placement is critical to social work education in Masters of Social Work(MSW) programs,and termination is an essential part of the practice process in micro social work. Interns and clients would face anticipatory grief brought about by ending the professional relationship, while the interns are expected to deal with the termination reactions of clients and themselves thus encountering various challenges in the process. In the framework of the anticipatory grief theory, the study explores termination experiences in casework of MSW students in their field placement and aims to explicate the challenges they encountered in termination. Based on a retrospective study of ten MSW students on their field placement, it was reported that the MSW students experienced client reactions and their own reactions in natural termination, client-initiated termination, and forced termination.They deployed several termination skills including reviewing, affirming, and identifying, and came to an end of the professional relationship. In the process, they encountered various challenges in skill development, client dependence, continued contact, and adjustment in education and supervision. Implications were proposed for social work education and practice in the best interest of MSW students.