KASP标记技术在主要农作物中的应用及展望

Application and Prospect of KASP Marker Technology in Main Crops

随着基因测序技术的发展,植物基因组数据越来越丰富,其中的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)数据由于具有高密度、高通量和易于自动化分析等特点而被广泛用于分子标记的开发和应用。竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(kompetitive allele-specific PCR,KASP)技术是近些年来发展起来的一种主要基于SNP的高通量基因分型技术。该技术由于其高通量、低成本和可操作性强等优点而在农作物性状改良等领域具有很大的应用潜力。本文介绍了KASP技术的发展、原理和方法步骤,综述了该技术在主要农作物的种质资源鉴定、分子标记辅助育种、基因定位和种子纯度鉴定等遗传育种中的应用,并讨论了该技术的优缺点,以期为今后农作物育种研究提供参考依据。

With the development of gene sequencing technology,plant genome data are becoming more and more abundant.Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)data are widely used in the development and application of molecular markers because of their high density,high throughput and easy automated analysis.Kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)is a high-throughput genotyping technology mainly based on SNP.Because of its high flux,low cost and strong operability,this technology has great application potential in the field of crop character improvement.This paper introduces the development,principle and method steps of KASP technology,summarizes the application of KASP technology in genetic breeding such as germplasm resource identification,molecular marker assisted breeding,gene mapping and seed purity identification of main crops,and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of KASP technology in order to provide reference basis for crop breeding research in the future.