北京市朝阳区五年级学生饮食行为现状及家庭饮食环境因素分析

Dietary behavior of five-grade students and its family-related dietary influencing factors analysis in Chaoyang district of Beijing

目的了解北京市朝阳区五年级学生饮食行为现状和家庭饮食环境对其影响,为制定有效的干预策略提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,对北京市朝阳区4所规模和教育水平中等的小学五年级共573名学生及其家长进行问卷调查。结果儿童每周6~7天食用蔬菜的比例为80.45%,水果和奶类的比例分别为68.06%和63.18%,肉、蛋、豆及豆制品类的比例依次为52.36%、45.03%和20.24%,此外,完全不吃豆及豆制品的比例达到5.41%。多元线性回归分析结果显示:家长的饮食行为、家长限制甜食、饮料、油炸食品以及牛奶/酸奶储备是五年级学生饮食行为的促成因素。结论学生饮食行为受多种家庭环境因素的影响,可以通过对家长的健康教育,规范家庭饮食环境,帮助儿童养成良好的饮食行为。

Objective To explore the status of dietary behavior and its family-related dietary influencing factors among five-grade students in Chaoyang district,Beijing and to provide basis for further intervention strategies.Methods A total of 573 five-grade grade students and their parents in 4 primary schools of moderate size and education level in Chaoyang district,Beijing were surveyed through cluster random sampling method.Results In the terms of children’s food consumption 6-7 days per week,the proportions of vegetable,fruits and milk were 80.45%,68.06%and 63.18%,respectively,and the proportions of meats,eggs and beans were 52.36%,45.03%and 20.24%,respectively.In addition,5.41%students did not eat beans or soy products at all.The result of multiple linear regression analysis showed that parents’dietary behavior,parents’restrictions on sweets,beverages,fried foods,and milk/yogurt reserve were promoting factors for students’good dietary behavior.Conclusions Dietary behaviors of five-grade students in Chaoyang District are influenced by multiple family-related dietary factors.Strategies and measures should be conducted to educate the parents for promoting the dietary behavior among students.