研究生招生调剂录取中的选择与效率

Selection and Efficiency of Postgraduate Enrollment Adjustment

研究生招生调剂录取中,招生单位和考生在统一的招考平台上,通过生源市场进行选择和匹配,这是一种与传统研究生招生方式不同的选拔模式。考生报考成为招生单位的内生因素,考生分布、各招生单位的调剂行为共同影响生源市场的结构和表现。对招生单位之间以及招生单位与考生之间的博弈模型分析表明,调剂录取中,招生单位具有先行优势,及早开始调剂将获得更好的生源,而更有“优势”的招生单位在其他单位独占市场不足够长的情况下,则具有后发优势;相对同质化的招生单位开通调剂系统应尽可能接近,差异相对较大的招生单位则应分散;政策上,应营造统一平台的制度环境,通过必要的过程达成市场均衡。

During the postgraduate admission,some applicants may apply for a transfer to another major or graduate school.The graduate school and the applicants make choice and get match on the unified platform,which is different from the traditional postgraduate enrollment mode.Application becomes the endogenous factor of the graduate school,and the behavior of other schools will also affect the structure and performance of the market.In this paper,the author analyzes and discusses the game behavior between graduate schools and applicants.The research shows that during the application adjustment,the graduate school acting earlier may get better students because of the first-mover advantage,while other schools with more“advantages”will have the late-mover advantage.The homogenous schools should open the adjustment system at the same time,while schools with great differences should stagger the time when opening adjustment system.In terms of policy,it is necessary to build a unified platform to achieve market equilibrium.