单粒稻米直链淀粉含量快速测定及其垩白度相关性分析

Rapid Determination of Straight Chain Amylose Content in Single Grain Rice and its Chalkiness Correlation Analysis

研究提出了一种可批量化快速测定单粒稻米中直链淀粉含量的方法,通过对GB/T 15683-2008《大米直链淀粉含量的测定》的技术改进,优化前处理过程并采用酶标仪双波长法批量测定其吸光度,并对直链淀粉含量与垩白度这两个影响稻米食味品质的重要理化指标进行相关性分析。结果表明,单粒米快速法测定的吸光度与直链淀粉含量的相关系数为0.9987,变异系数范围为1.87%~5.69%,具有良好的相关性和稳定性,方法可靠并具备准确度高、简单易操作、试样消耗量少、可同时检测96个样品等优势,可用于常规遗传选种中大规模的鉴别和初筛,极大地提高了工作效率。同时,在早籼稻品种中直链淀粉含量与垩白度存在一定的相关性,高垩白早籼稻的直链淀粉含量普遍高于正常早籼稻,粳稻和晚籼稻两品种中直链淀粉含量和垩白度之间几乎无相关性。

This paper presented a method for the rapid determination of straight-chain amylose content in single-grain rice in batch,by improving the technology of GB/T 15683-2008"Determination of straight-chain amylose content in rice",optimizing the pre-treatment process and measuring its absorbance in batch by double-wavelength method of enzyme standard.The results showed that the single-grain rice rapid method was used for the determination of the chalkiness of rice.The results showed that the correlation coefficient between absorbance and straight-chain amylose content of single-grain rice was 0.9987,and the coefficient of variation ranged from 1.87%to 5.69%,which has good correlation and stability.The method is reliable and has the advantages of high accuracy,easy operation,low sample consumption,and 96 samples can be detected at the same time.It can be used for large-scale identification and primary screening in conventional genetic seed selection,which greatly improves the work efficiency.Meanwhile,there was a correlation between the straight-chain amylose content and chalkiness in early indica rice varieties,and the straight-chain amylose content of high chalky early indica rice was generally higher than that of normal early indica rice,while there was almost no correlation between the straight-chain amylose content and chalkiness in both japonica and late indica rice varieties.