直接蒸发冷却空调填料的性能实验与适用性分析

Performance Measurement and Applicability Analysis of Fillers in Direct Evaporative Cooling Air Conditioners

本文搭建了直接蒸发冷却实验台,对蒸发冷却空调填料的换热性能进行实验测试,研究了填料的材质、进风量、压降对填料热质传递性能的影响。实验结果表明:最优工况下植物纤维填料、泡沫陶瓷填料、PVC填料和金属填料的直接蒸发冷却效率分别为82.93%、71.29%、54.85%和55.34%,植物纤维填料的压降最高,金属填料的压降最低,最适合的进风量不一定是填料传热效率最高的状态点,需要考虑由于填料的压降带来的风机能耗问题。预测了直接蒸发冷却的空调系统在西安市通信机房全年适用小时数,采用植物纤维填料时全年运行4126 h,全年占比47.10%;采用泡沫陶瓷填料时全年运行3115 h,全年占比35.56%;采用PVC和金属填料时全年运行2582 h,全年占比29.47%。

In this study,an experimental bench was built to conduct experimental tests on the heat transfer performance of fillers in evaporative cooling air conditioners.The effects of the filler material,air flow rate,and pressure drop on the heat and mass transfer performance of the fillers were investigated.The experimental results showed that the direct evaporative cooling efficiency of plant fiber packing,foam ceramic packing,PVC packing,and metal packing under optimal working conditions were 82.93%,71.29%,54.85%,and 55.34%,respectively.The pressure drop of the plant fiber packing was the highest,and that of the metal packing was the lowest.The most suitable flow rate does not necessarily correspond to the highest heat transfer efficiency of the packing,since the energy consumption of the fan,due to the pressure drop in the packing,requires further consideration.According to projections,an air-conditioning system with direct evaporative cooling will be used in Xi′an City′s communication room for 4126 h or 47.10%when plant fiber packing is used,3115 h or 35.56%when foam ceramic packing is used,and 2582 h or 29.47%when PVC and metal packing are used.