不同生境下黄花刺茄枯落期生物量分配适应性研究

Study on Adaptability of Biomass Allocation of Solanum rostratum Dunal in Different Habitats at the Maturity

黄花刺茄(Solanum rostratum Dunal)是一种入侵性极强的一年生有毒草本植物,枯落期是其种子成熟和为翌年入侵提供物质基础的重要发育阶段之一,为探究枯落期黄花刺茄各构件生物量及物质分配规律,揭示其入侵形成机制,随机选取内蒙古自治区通辽市的草地、河滩和农田3个生境的黄花刺茄植株,计量其生物学特征和构件生物量分配。结果表明:各构件生物量与植株总生物量间存在极显著正相关关系;各构件具有不同的异速生长规律,生境间具有较强的生态可塑性,随着植株质量的增加,植株用于生殖构件的营养分配比重也不断增加。生长季后期不断增加黄花刺茄的种子数量和质量是保证黄花刺茄种子翌年持续传播并不断入侵扩散的主要原因之一。

Solanum rostratum Dunal is a kind of highly invasive annual poisonous herbaceous plant.Litter period is one of the important development stages of seed maturation and provides material basis for the next year’s invasion.In order to explore the the law of biomass and material distribution of each component of S.rostratum in the litter period and reveal its invasion formation mechanism,the plants of S.rostratum in grassland,river beach and farmland in Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia were randomly selected to measure their biological characteristics and component biomass distribution.The results showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between the biomass of each component and the total biomass of plants.Each component had different allometric growth patterns and strong ecological plasticity among habitats.With the increase of plant quality,the proportion of nutrient allocation for reproductive components was also increasing.Increasing number and quality of seeds in the late growing season is one of the main reasons to ensure the continuous spread and invasion of the seeds in the next year.