阴道顺产和产钳助产对产妇盆底功能及近远期并发症的影响

Effect of Vaginal Delivery and Forceps Delivery on Maternal Pelvic Floor Function and Short-Term and Long-Term Complications

目的:探究阴道顺产分娩方式和产钳助产分娩方式对产妇产后盆底功能和近远期并发症的影响。方法:选取2019年5月-2021年5月广饶县人民医院接收的70例初产妇作为研究对象,按照分娩过程中产钳的使用情况将其分为产钳助产组和阴道顺产组。对比两组产妇在产后3个月时的盆底功能以及近期并发症和远期并发症的发生率。结果:阴道顺产组前静息平均肌电值、快肌最大肌电值、混合肌平均肌电值和慢肌平均肌电值明显优于产钳助产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产钳助产组近期并发症发生率明显高于阴道顺产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴道顺产组的远期并发症仅包括1例性交痛产妇,占比为2.85%;产钳助产组中有2例尿失禁产妇和4例性交痛产妇,占比为17.14%;阴道顺产组的发生率低于产钳助产组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在产妇分娩时,经阴道顺产对产妇的身体伤害更小,且并发症出现的概率也更低,值得应用在临床中。

Objective: To explore the effects of vaginal delivery and forceps delivery in postpartum pelvic floor function and shortterm and long-term complications. Methods: A total of 70 primiparas received by People’s Hospital of Guangrao County from May2019 to May 2021 were selected as the subjects, and they were divided into forceps delivery group and vaginal delivery group according to the use of forceps during childbirth. The pelvic floor function and the incidence of short-term and long-term complications at 3 months postpartum were compared between the two groups. Results: The average resting EMG value, the maximum fast muscle EMG value, the average mixed muscle EMG value and the average slow muscle EMG value in the vaginal delivery group were significantly better than those in the forceps delivery group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of short-term complications in the forceps delivery group was significantly higher than that in the vaginal delivery group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The long-term complications of vaginal delivery group only included 1 case of dyspareunia, accounting for 2.85%. There were 2 cases of urinary incontinence and 4 cases of dyspareunia in the forceps delivery group, accounting for 17.14%. The incidence of vaginal delivery group was lower than that of forceps delivery group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: During maternal delivery, transvaginal delivery causes less physical harm, and the probability of complications is lower, which is worth application in clinical practice.