手足口病流行病学特征及免疫预防的研究进展

Research Progress on Epidemiological Characteristics and Immune Prevention of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease

手足口病是我国法定丙类传染病,主要感染人群为儿童。手足口病已成为严重威胁我国婴幼儿健康的重大公共卫生问题之一。目前尚未有特效药针对性地治疗手足口病。现有手足口病疫苗(EV71疫苗)虽然能有效预防EV71所致手足口病,但由于不能产生交叉保护抗体,对预防不同肠道病毒引起的手足口病效果甚微。文章对手足口病病原学特点、流行病学特征、临床特点及免疫预防的研究进展作一综述,为手足口病预防控制提供依据。

Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) is a legal class C infectious disease in China. The main infected population is children.HFMD has become one of the major public health problems that seriously threaten the health of infants and young children in China. At present, there is no specific drug to treat HFMD. Existing HFMD vaccine(EV71 vaccine) can effectively prevent HFMD caused by EV71,but has little effect on HFMD caused by different enteroviruses due to its inability to produce cross-protective antibodies. This paper reviews the etiological characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics and immune prevention of HFMD, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of HFMD.