物理专业师范生TPACK水平现状调查与改进路径

TPACK Level among Normal Students Majoring in Physics:Status Quo and Improving Measures

信息化时代,整合技术的学科教学知识(TPACK)是教师教学必备的知识之一。修正萨欣(Sahin)开发的大学生TPACK感知量表并进行信效度检验后,对6所院校313名大四物理师范生整合技术的物理教学知识(TPAC_(P)K)进行了调查。结果发现,师范生普遍缺乏技术知识(TK)和教学法知识(PK)。具体表现为:师范生在技术知识(TK)要素上技术感知水平较低,在教学法知识(PK)要素上不能灵活改编评估方法,在物理知识(C_(P)K)要素上缺乏研究意识,在物理教学知识(PC_(P)K)要素上开发评价测试存在困难,在整合技术的物理知识(TC_(P)K)要素上整合技术与物理知识的能力有待提高,在整合技术的教学知识(TPK)要素上判断教学法知识与技术匹配度的水平较低,在整合技术的物理教学知识(TPAC_(P)K)要素上信息技术与物理教学深度融合水平较低。针对当前物理专业师范生TPACK存在的上述问题,各院校应从增设与TPAC_(P)K相关的学习平台和创新生态环境两个方面着手来提高其水平。其中,创新生态环境主要包括7个方面的内容,即创设技术感知环境、增加教学实践机会、加强科研管理、搭建师范生与一线教师互通桥梁、重视学科信息化学习工具的搜集与应用、完善相关课程设置、优化信息化教学环境。

In the information age,Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK)is a necessary knowledge for teachers.In this research,a survey was carried out on 313 senior physics normal students in six universities on the Technological Pedagogical Content-Physics Knowledge(TPAC_(P)K).The findings are as follows.Generally,normal students have a low level of perception in the element of technological knowledge(TK),cannot flexibly adapt relevant knowledge in the element of Pedagogical Knowledge(PK),lack research awareness in the Content physics Knowledge(C_(P)K),and lack knowledge in physics teaching.They also have difficulties in developing evaluation tests on the Pedagogical Content-Physics Knowledge(PC_(P)K)element,and need to improve the ability to integrate technological and physical knowledge on the Technological Content-Physics Knowledge(TC_(P)K)element.In addition,the level of matching degree of pedagogical knowledge and technology on the Technological Pedagogical Knowledge(TPK)element and in-depth integration of information technology and physics teaching in the elements of integrated Technological Pedagogical Content-Physics Knowledge(TPAC_(P)K)are relatively low.In view of the current problems existing in TPACK for normal students,normal colleges and universities should build a learning platform related to TPACK and make up for and innovate an ecological environment with 7 major elements(creating a technology-aware environment,increasing teaching practice opportunities,building teacher cooperation teams,building a bridge between normal students and front-line teachers,paying attention to the collection and application of subject informatization learning tools,improving relevant curriculum settings,and optimizing informatization teaching environment).Only by enhancing these two aspects can physics normal students improve the ability of integrating all kinds of knowledge.