《饮膳正要》三种明刻本比较

Comparison of Three Engraved Editions in the Ming Dynasty of Principles of Correct Diet

《饮膳正要》是我国现存第一部较为系统的营养学专著,有明初刻本、明景泰七年国家图书馆藏本及明景泰七年北京大学图书馆藏本三种明刻本版式,其中国家图书馆藏本和北京大学图书馆藏本内容多有相似之处,但仔细对比仍有部分不同。目前,关于《饮膳正要》版本的研究尚不完善,在一定程度上限制了此书内容的进一步挖掘和应用。通过梳理近现代版本流传情况,并采取版本异文互校的方法对《饮膳正要》现存三种明刻本进行详细考证,《饮膳正要》最好善本为藏于北京大学图书馆的明景泰七年(1456年)刻本。该刻本是现存最古的足本,较少讹字、缺字,内容更完整,插图完整自然,较明景泰七年国家图书馆藏本质量更为优良。

Principles of Correct Diet is the first systematic monograph on nutrition in China.There are three kinds of photoprints:the engraved edition in early Ming Dynasty,the collection of the National Library in the seventh year of Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty and the collection of Peking University Library in the seventh year of Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty.There are many similarities between the collection of the National Library and the collection of Peking University Library,but there are still some differences in careful comparison.At present,the research on the version of Principles of Correct Diet is not perfect,which limits the further excavation and application of the content of this book to a certain extent.By combing the circulation of modern versions and adopting the method of cross checking different versions,this paper makes a detailed textual research on the three existing engraved editions of"Principles of Correct Diet".The best rare edition of it is considered to be the engraved edition of the seventh year of Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty(1456)hidden in the library of Peking University.The engraved edition is the oldest existing full edition,with fewer wrong words and missing words,more complete content and more complete and natural illustrations.It is of better quality than the collection of Jingtai National Library in the seventh year.