气管插管便捷吸痰器用于ICU机械通气患者中的干预效果分析

Analysis of the Intervention Effect of the Convenient Tracheal Intubation Sputum suction Device Used in ICU Patients with Mechanical Ventilation

目的:探讨气管插管便携吸痰器对重症监护室 (ICU) 机械通气患者的干预效果。方法:选取2018年9月-2020年10月新余市中医院ICU收治的86例机械通气患者作为研究对象,按时间先后顺序,将2018年9月-2019年9月收治的43例患者设为对照组,予以一次性气管切开插管治疗;将2019年10月-2020年10月收治的43例患者设为观察组,予以气管插管便携吸痰器治疗。对比两组患者气管插管固定效果、血气分析指标。结果:观察组患者口鼻处分泌物溢出、气管切开分泌物溢出、口鼻处吸痰、呼吸窘迫、套囊放气吸痰发生率分别为4.65%、2.33%、4.65%、2.33%、4.65%,低于对照组的23.26%、20.93%、20.93%、18.60%、18.60%,差异有统计学意义 (χ^(2)=5.108、7.242、5.108、4.468、4.074,P<0.05);观察组机械通气48 h后动脉血氧分压 (PaO_(2))、血氧饱和度 (SaO_(2)) 分别为 (79.82±3.24) mm Hg、(93.74±2.30) %,高于对照组的 (75.48±4.50) mmHg 和 (87.47±3.14) %,动脉二氧化碳分压 (PaCO_(2)) 为 (57.56±4.19) mmHg,低于对照组的(61.86±3.74) mmHg,差异有统计学意义 (t=5.133、10.564、5.021,P<0.05)。结论:气管插管便携吸痰器可有效减轻ICU机械通气患者上呼吸道分泌物溢出物引起的不适症状,改善血气分析指标,促进机械通气顺利实施。

Objective: To explore the intervention effect of tracheal intubation and portable sputum aspirator on patients with intensive-care unit mechanical ventilation. Methods: A total of 86 patients with mechanical ventilation admitted to the hospital from September 2018 to October 2020 were selected as study subjects. In chronological order, the 43 patients admitted from September2018 to September 2019 were set as the control group, and were treated with one-time tracheotomy and intubation, and the 43 patients admitted from October 2019 to October 2020 were set as the observation group, and were treated with portable sputum suction device with endotracheal intubation. The tracheal intubation fixation effect and blood gas analysis indexes were compared between the two groups. Results: The incidences of secretions from the mouth and nose, tracheotomy secretions, suctioning at the mouth and nose, respiratory distress, and cuff deflation and suctioning in the observation group were 4.65%, 2.33%, 4.65%, 2.33%,and 4.65%, respectively., 23.26%, 20.93%, 20.93%, 18.60%, and 18.60% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.108, 7.242, 5.108, 4.468, 4.074, P<0.05). The arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2)) and oxygen saturation(SaO_(2)) in the observation group after 48 h of mechanical ventilation were(79.82±3.24) mmHg and(93.74±2.30)%, respectively,higher than(75.48±4.50) mmHg and(87.47±3.14)% in the control group, the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))was(57.56±4.19) mmHg, which was lower than(61.86±3.74) mmHg of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=5.133, 10.564, 5.021, P<0.05). Conclusion: The portable sputum suction device for tracheal intubation can effectively alleviate the discomfort caused by the upper respiratory tract secretion spill in the ICU mechanically ventilated patients, improve the blood gas analysis indicators, and promote the smooth implementation of mechanical ventilation.