剖宫产初产妇母乳喂养率的调查分析及其与产妇心理状态、产后泌乳时间及个性特征的关系

Investigation and analysis of breastfeeding rate in the primiparas undergoing cesarean section and their relationship with psychological status,postpartum lactation and personality characteristics

目的探讨剖宫产初产妇母乳喂养率与产妇心理状态、产后泌乳时间及个性特征的关系。方法选取2018年7月至2020年9月义乌復元医院收治的160例剖宫产初产妇作为研究对象。根据喂养方式的不同分为母乳组(n=89)与人工组(n=71)。在其产后3个月进行随访,使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和艾森克个性问卷进行问卷调查,分析心理状态、产后泌乳时间及个性特征与母乳喂养率的关系。结果160例剖宫产初产妇中,有89例采用母乳喂养,母乳喂养率为55.63%;母乳组SCL-90阳性条目数>40的产妇比例低于人工组,母乳组SCL-90阳性条目数21~30、11~20和0~10的产妇比例高于人工组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SCL-90阳性条目数31~40的产妇比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。母乳组产后泌乳时间6~12h和13~18h的产妇比例低于人工组,母乳组产后泌乳时间19~24h和25~48h的产妇比例高于人工组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。母乳组内外倾向性的产妇比例高于人工组,母乳组神经质和精神质的产妇比例低于人工组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组掩饰质的产妇比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论剖宫产初产妇的母乳喂养率与产妇心理状态、产后泌乳时间及个性特征密切相关。

Objective To explore the relationship between breastfeeding rate and maternal psychological state,postpartum lactation and personality characteristics in the 160 primiparas undergoing cesarean section.Methods From July 2018 to September 2020,160 primiparas with cesarean section in Yiwu Fuyuan Hospital were selected as the research object.According to different feeding methods,they were divided into breast-feeding group(n=89)and artificial group(n=71).The patients were followed up 3 months after delivery,using symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)and eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ)to analyze the relationship between psychological state,postpartum lactation time,personality characteristics and breast-feeding rate.Results Among 160 primiparas undergoing cesarean section,89 cases were breastfed,and the breastfeeding rate was 55.63%.The proportion of primiparas with SCL-90 positive items>40 in breast-feeding group was lower than that in artificial group,and the proportion of primiparas with SCL-90 positive items 21-30,11-20 and 0-10 in breast-feeding group was higher than that in artificial group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of primiparas with 31-40 positive items of SCL-90 between the two groups(P>0.05).The proportion of primiparas with postpartum lactation time of 6-12 h and 13-18 h in breast-feeding group was lower than that in artificial group,and the proportion of primiparas with postpartum lactation time of 19-24 h and 25-48 h in breast-feeding group was higher than that in artificial group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of primiparas with introversion and extraversion orientation in breast-feeding group was higher than that in artificial group,and the proportion of primiparas neuroticism and psychoticism in breast-feeding group was lower than that in artificial group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of primiparas with covering in the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The breastfeeding rate of primipara undergoing cesarean section is closely related to maternal psychological state,postpartum lactation time and personality characteristics.