帕金森病患者流涎的治疗进展

Progress in the treatment of sialorrhea in patients with Parkinson’s disease

流涎见于多种神经系统疾病,相当数量的帕金森病(PD)患者出现流涎。流涎是PD患者令人苦恼的症状之一,由于唾液在口腔聚集,可能导致吸入性肺炎。目前认为流涎是由于PD患者吞咽障碍或不频繁引起,而非唾液分泌过多。以往对流涎以药物治疗为主,但治疗效果不理想,并受到严重不良反应的困扰。本文旨在探讨PD患者流涎的病因、解剖功能和评估,对治疗流涎的药物、肉毒毒素注射、手术干预、放射治疗、语言治疗等方法进行综述,目的是检验不同治疗方法对PD患者流涎的疗效,并进一步验证肉毒杆菌毒素等微创治疗的安全性和有效性的证据。

Sialorrhea is found in a variety of neurological disorders and occurs in a significant number of patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Sialorrhea is one of the distressing symptoms of PD patients.As saliva accumulates in the mouth,it may lead to aspiration pneumonia.At present,it is considered that sialorrhea is caused by dysphagia or infrequent in PD patients,rather than excessive salivary secretion.In the past,the main treatment for sialorrhea was drug therapy,but the therapeutic effect was not ideal,and suffered from serious side effects.The purpose of this paper is to explore the etiology,anatomical function and evaluation of sialorrhea in PD patients,and to review the methods of drugs,botulinum toxin injection,surgical intervention,radiotherapy and language therapy and other methods.The objective was to examine evidence of sialorrhea in PD patients with different treatments and to further verify evidence of the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive treatments such as Botulinum toxin.