樟树叶纯露挥发性成分与抑菌活性研究

Study on Volatile Components and Antibacterial Activities of Hydrosols from Cinnamomum camphora Leaves

【目的】研究芳樟醇型、柠檬醛型、油樟型、龙脑型樟树叶纯露的挥发性成分和抑菌活性,为樟树叶纯露作为天然防腐剂和消毒产品等提供参考。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取芳樟醇型、柠檬醛型、油樟型、龙脑型樟树[Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl]叶纯露,探讨纯露的挥发性成分、物理性质和抑菌效果。【结果】芳樟醇型樟树叶纯露主要挥发性成分为芳樟醇,相对质量为74.03%;柠檬醛型樟树叶纯露主要挥发性成分为橙花醛和香叶醛,相对质量分别为14.23%、29.26%;油樟型樟树叶纯露主要挥发性成分为1,8-桉叶油素,相对质量为50.36%;龙脑型樟树叶纯露主要挥发性成分为龙脑,相对质量为82.27%。芳樟醇型樟叶纯露的抑菌效果最好,其对供试细菌和真菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)均为250μL/mL;其次抑菌效果较好的为油樟型和柠檬醛型樟树叶纯露。油樟型樟树叶纯露的杀菌效果最好,其对供试细菌和真菌的最低杀菌浓度(MBC)为250μL/mL;其次是龙脑型和芳樟醇型樟树叶纯露。【结论】芳樟醇型樟树叶纯露的抑菌效果最好,其次是油樟型和柠檬醛型樟树叶纯露;油樟型樟树叶纯露的杀菌效果最好,其次是龙脑型和芳樟醇型樟树叶纯露。

【Objective】The volatile components and antibacterial activities of hydrosols from Cinnamomum camphora leaves were studied in order to provide references for the use of hydrosols as natural preservatives and disinfection products.【Method】Taking leaves of linalool,citral,cineol and borneol type camphor tree〔Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl〕as research objects,the hydrosols were extracted by steam distillation,and the volatile components,physical properties and antibacterial effects of hydrosols were discussed.【Result】The main component in hydrosol of linalool type camphor leaf was linalool,with a relative mass of 74.03%;the main components of hydrosol in citral type camphor leaf were neroli and geranial,with a relative mass of 14.23%and 29.26%,respectively;the main component in hydrosol of cineol type camphor leaf was 1,8-cineole,with a relative mass of 50.36%;and the main component in hydrosol of borneol type camphor leaf was borneol,with a relative mass of 82.27%.Hydrosol of linalool camphor leaf had the best antibacterial effect,and its minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)for all bacteria and fungi was 250μL/mL,followed by hydrosols of cineol and citral camphor leaves with d better antibacterial effect.Hydrosol of cineol type camphor leaf had the best bactericidal effect,the minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)against all bacteria and fungi was 250μL/mL,followed by hydrosols of borneol type and linalool type camphor leaves.【Conclusion】Hydrosol of linalool type leaf had the best antibacterial effect,followed by that of citral and cineol type.Hydrosol of cineol type leaf had the best bactericidal effect,followed by that of borneol and linalool type.