识人与译诗:梭罗《湖泊》小诗的译本比较

Poetry Translation and Perception of Poet:A Comparative Analysis on Chinese Versions of A Short Poem The Ponds by Thoreau

好的翻译,是一种为原作赋予新的生命力的再创作,使读者在读译文时能获得读原作一般的理解和感受。梭罗的诗朴质而有诗性,且融合了他独特的精神境界,想要翻译好尤其艰难。能否准确表达原诗的意思、符合作者思想、“更像诗”,应是诗歌翻译的三项基本标准。以此对比徐迟、潘庆舲和许崇信、林本椿对梭罗《湖泊》一诗的翻译,可发现徐迟的翻译更能呈现原诗表达的意思、梭罗独特的宗教意识、对自然生态和社会生态的态度,其翻译表达更“像诗”,诗风更符合原诗质朴的特点。当译者读懂梭罗,身临其境,才能准确翻译他的诗。

Fine renderings denotate re-creation of adding vitality to the original poetry and impresses the readers with perceptions and feelings in conformity with original text.It is rather challenging in translating poems written by Thoreau due to his unadorned poetic feature and unique spiritual realm.Precision in conveying the meaning of original poetry,alignment to author’s ideology and close resemblance to poetry are suppose to be the three fundamental standards for poetry translation.Comparing the renderings of Thoreau’s short poem The Ponds made by XU Chi,PAN Qingling and XU Chongxin,it is found that XU Chi better represents the meaning of the original poem,his unique religious consciousness,his ecological view of nature and society,bears close resemblance to peotry and conforms to the original poetic features.Therefore,appropriate translation of poems written by Thoreau requires the translators to put themselves into his positions and thus be able to read him.