论张岱对陶渊明的接受——以诗歌为中心的考察

On Zhang Dai’s Acceptance of Tao Yuanming——A Case Study of Poetry

明末清初文学家张岱在精神思想与诗格诗法上体现为对陶渊明的接受,并在此基础上实现了升华与拓展。精神思想上,张岱与陶渊明有着相似的人生经历,主体人格精神承续了陶渊明;与此同时,其生活理想与文艺思想又是对陶渊明思想的升华。诗歌创作上,张岱的田园山水诗、饮茶诗等是对陶渊明田园诗、饮酒诗等的效仿,体现了张岱对陶渊明生活志趣的认同、接受与践行;同时,他所创作的纪行诗、山林诗以及咏方物诗又是对陶诗题材与表现范围的开拓,体现了张岱独特的审美情趣以及生活美学。借此可以窥见晚明清初独特的社会、文化生活面貌下的文人心理与艺术趋向。

Zhang Dai,a writer at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty,accepted Tao Yuanming in his spiritual thought and poetic style,and on this basis,he sublimated and expanded.Spiritually,Zhang Dai and Tao Yuanming have similar life experiences,and the spirit of subject personality inherits Tao Yuanming.At the same time,his life ideal and literary thought are the sublimation of Tao Yuanming’s thought.In terms of poetry creation,Zhang Dai’s pastoral landscape poems and tea drinking poems emulate Tao Yuanming’s pastoral poems and drinking poems,which reflect Zhang Dai’s recognition,acceptance and practice of Tao Yuanming’s interest in life.At the same time,his travel poems,mountain and forest poems and poems chanting local things are the development of the theme and expression range of Tao’s poems,reflecting Zhang Dai’s unique aesthetic taste and life aesthetics.Thus,we can see the literati psychology and artistic trend under the unique social and cultural life in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties.