波捷布尼亚的语言哲学观及其当代启示

Potebnya’s philosophy of language and its contemporary revelation

在俄罗斯语言哲学史上,波捷布尼亚占据十分特殊和显赫的地位,他有关语言之本质,语言与思维、语言与民族、语言与精神之关系,以及语言的系统性和语言意义等一系列学术思想,都显现出其特有的系统性和哲学性,体现出极高的语言哲学价值。波捷布尼亚秉承颇具俄罗斯特色的“理性—经验主义”(也即“欧洲—斯拉夫主义”)哲学态度,既是对洪堡特学术思想的传承和发展,也是对后者的批判和修正,并始终以彰显和弘扬俄罗斯的民族性以及俄语的独特性为宗旨。这对我国当代语境下的哲学研究具有重要借鉴意义。

Potebnya occupies a very special and illustrious position in the history of Russian philosophy of language.A series of academic ideas put forward by Potebnya,such as the essence of language,the relations between language and thinking,language and nation,language and spirit,as well as systematization of language,the meaning of language,are of great academic value,showing a peculiar systemic and philosophical nature.They are the inheritance,development and criticism of Humboldt’s academic thought;at the same time,adhering to the philosophical attitude of“rationalism-empiricism”(also known as“Euro-Slavophilism”)with Russian characteristics,Potebnya always aims to highlight the national character of Russia and the uniqueness of the Russian language.This has important reference significance for philosophical research in the contemporary context of our country.