国内数据新闻创新之处分析与问题对策研究

Analysis of Innovations in Domestic Data Journalism and Research on Existing Problems and Countermeasures

在全媒体视角下,国内外新闻行业先后涉足新闻可视化领域,并将其视为未来新闻的一种重要表现形式,数据新闻在这一背景下得到了长足的发展。聚焦国内而言,数据新闻有着诸多创新,如:在可视化元素的运用方面,将时间轴与其他特殊图表类型结合起来,甚至加入少量动态图表;在社会化媒体的运用方面,利用微信公众平台进行图文组合式报道,设置如H5之类的特别专题。随着国内数据新闻的发展,问题也逐一浮现,如:所引用数据存在数据来源模糊、数据时效性低、数据验证性不足等现象;数据分析存在数据处理止于归纳、预测性报道缺失等现象;新闻报道存在过于关注国际事件、涉及国内的报道接近性偏向严重、体育与文化类型选题偏少等现象。有鉴于此,国内数据新闻媒体或平台应重视对数据环境的建设,加强对数据内涵的挖掘,并着力保持选题类型的平衡。

From the perspective of omnimedia,the domestic and foreign news industry has stepped into the field of news visualization and regarded it as an important form of future news.Data journalism has made considerable progress in this context.Focusing on China,data journalism has many innovations.For example,in the use of visual elements,the time axis is combined with other special chart types,and even a small number of dynamic charts are added;in the use of social media,the We Chat public platform is used for graphic and text combined report,with special topics such as H5.With the development of domestic data journalism,however,problems have emerged one after another,such as fuzzy data sources of the data cited,low data timeliness,insufficient data verification,unsatisfactory data analysis that stops at induction,and lack of predictive reports.There are other problems,for instance,news reports focus too much on international events,domestic reports have serious proximity bias,and there are too few topics on sports and culture.In view of this,domestic data journalism media or platforms should pay attention to the construction of the data environment,strengthen the exploration of the connotation of the data,and strive to maintain a balance in the types of topics.