村镇易腐垃圾堆肥过程的氮持留行为研究

Study on nitrogen retention behavior in composting process of perishable waste in villages and towns

村镇易腐垃圾堆肥过程的氮去向值得关注,于自制堆肥反应器中探究了村镇易腐垃圾堆肥过程中氮的持留行为。结果表明,村镇易腐垃圾直接堆肥(A组)、村镇易腐垃圾与陶粒混合堆肥(B组)和村镇易腐垃圾、树叶和功能菌剂混合堆肥(C组)3组堆肥产物的总养分、重金属及卫生学指标均符合《有机肥料》(NY/T 525—2021)要求,但种子发芽指数(GI)分别为63.3%、71.1%和123.4%,仅B组与C组达到NY/T 525—2021要求。从堆肥过程氮的流向来看,A、B、C 3组的氮损失分别为7.4%、15.1%和5.5%。综合氮持留特征和堆肥产物质量来看,C组堆肥效果最佳。本研究可为村镇易腐垃圾保氮堆肥处理提供参考。

The flow of nitrogen in the composting process of perishable waste from villages and towns is worthy of attention.In the self-made composting reactor,the retention behavior of nitrogen in the composting process of perishable waste in villages and towns was explored.The results showed that the total nutrient,the heavy metal and the hygienic index of compost product from all tested scenarios,namely perishable waste composting directly(group A),perishable waste composting with ceramsite(group B),and perishable waste composting with fallen leaves and function bacterial(group C),could meet the requirements of“Organic fertilizer”(NY/T 525-2021).However,the germination index(GI)were 63.3%,71.1%and 123.4%,respectively,only group B and group C could meet the standard of NY/T 525-2021.As for the nitrogen flow in the composting process,the nitrogen loss of group A,B,and C were 7.4%,15.1%and 5.5%,respectively.According to the characteristics of nitrogen retention and the compost product quality,group C showed the best effect.This study cloud provide reference for nitrogen-preserving composting of perishable waste from villages and towns.