农村居民物价压力指数及其时空差异——以甘肃县域为例

Rural Resident’s Price Pressure Index and Its Spatial-temporal Disparity:Based on Counties in Gansu Province

了解农村居民物价压力的时空差异对缩小县域经济水平差异、助推乡村振兴具有重要意义。研究以甘肃86个县区为研究单元,在定量测度甘肃县域农村居民物价压力的基础上,运用加权变异系数、空间自相关系数、标准差椭圆的方法,揭示甘肃省农村居民物价压力的空间差异性。结果表明:(1)2010—2019年甘肃省大部分县域物价压力指数总体不高,农村居民物价压力随县域经济发展水平的提升逐渐下降。(2)2010—2019年物价压力在空间分布上表现出西高东低态势,高压力区域主要位于兰州南部和陇南市,低压力区域主要位于河西走廊中部,武威、金昌、定西、天水等零星分布。(3)甘肃省物价压力存在明显的空间自相关性,高高集聚区域有兰州南部、庆阳市、陇南市,低低聚集主要分布在河西走廊中部;物价压力的空间分布重心轨迹经历了向东南—西南—东南方向的演化规律,物价压力的重心具有由西南向西北迁移的趋势。结论:2010—2019年甘肃省各区县之间物价压力具有明显的空间差异性,河西走廊中部物价压力较低,中西部和南部地区物价压力相对较高,县域之间存在着发展不平衡问题。

Knowing about the spatial and temporal disparity of rural residents’price pressure is meaningful for reducing the gap between the economic levels of different counties and promoting rural revitalization.The study takes 86 counties and districts of Gansu Province as the subject.Based on a quantitative measurement of their county-level rural residents’price pressure,the study discovers the spatial difference of rural residents’price pressure in the province by using Weighted Variation Coefficient,Spatial Autocorrelation Coefficient,and Standard Deviation Ellipse.The findings include:(1)From 2010 to 2019,the price pressure indexes of most of the counties in Gansu were generally not high,and rural residents’price pressure gradually declined as the county’s economic development level increased;(2)In terms of spatial distribution,the price pressure of the western region was higher than that of the eastern region during the period from 2010 to 2019;the high-pressure region mainly included the southern part of Lanzhou City and Longnan City;the low-pressure region was mainly located in the middle of Hexi Corridor,and sporadically in Wuwei,Jinchang,Dingxi,and Tianshui.(3)The price pressure of Gansu Province showed a strong spatial autocorrelation,with the high high-concentration area in the southern part of Lanzhou,Qingyang City,and Longnan City,and the low low-concentration area in the middle of Hexi Corridor;the gravity center of price pressure’s spatial distribution shifted from the southeast to the southwest and then to the southeast again,but showing a tendency of moving from the southwest to the northwest.The conclusion is,from 2010 to 2019,the price pressure of the districts and counties in Gansu Province displayed an apparent spatial difference,with the middle of Hexi Corridor having a relatively low price pressure and the midwestern and southern regions having a relatively high price pressure;this indicates the development of different counties was uneven.