2010年至2019年广西南宁市武鸣区输入性疟疾流行特征的分析

Epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Wuming District,N anning city,Guangxi Province from 2010 to 2019

目的:分析2010年至2019年广西南宁市武鸣区输入性疟疾的流行特征,为疟疾的防控提供理论依据。方法:通过中国疾病预防控制传染病监测及寄生虫病防治信息系统,收集并分析2010年至2019年广西南宁市武鸣区网络直报的疟疾阳性病例及个案调查表等资料。结果:2010年至2019年,广西南宁市武鸣区共报告境外输入性疟疾病例11例,无本地疟疾病例及继发性疟疾病例。在11例境外输入性疟疾病例中,有恶性疟病例5例、间日疟病例4例、混合疟病例2例。11例疟疾病例均为男性,其年龄为23~49岁,职业分布依次为淘金、建筑、水电、机械安装;其中,感染地为东南亚国家的病例占54.55%(6/11),为非洲国家的病例占45.45%(5/11);其发病至就诊时间间隔的中位数为1d,其中时间间隔最长的1例病例发病至就诊的时间间隔为15d,其就诊至病情确诊时间间隔的中位数为0d。经蚊媒监测,2011年在两江镇英俊村伏夏屯室外捕获中华按蚊2只。结论:广西南宁市武鸣区报告的疟疾均为输入性疟疾,其中以恶性疟和间日疟为主,感染地主要为东南亚国家和非洲国家。故该地区在消除本地疟疾后,应坚持将防范境外疟疾输入作为工作重点。

Objective:To analyze the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Wuming District,Nanning City,Guangxi Province from 2010 to 2019,and to provide theoretical basis for malaria prevention and control.Methods:Data of malaria positive cases and case investigation form directly reported online from 2010 to 2019 in Wuming District,Nanning city,Guangxi Province were collected and analyzed through the Chinese Information System for Communicable Disease Surveillance and Parasitic Diseases prevention and Control.Results:From 2010 to 2019,a total of 11 imported malaria cases were reported in Wuming District,Nanning city,Guangxi Province,and no local malaria cases or secondary malaria cases were reported.Among the 11 imported malaria cases,there were 5 cases of falciparum malaria,4 cases of vivax malaria and 2 cases of mixed malaria.All the 11 malaria cases were male,aged from 23 to 49 years old,and their occupations were gold panning,construction,water and electricity,and mechanical installation.Among them,54.55%(6/11)were infected in Southeast Asian countries,and 45.45%(5/11)in African countries.The median time interval between onset and treatment was 1d,among which the longest time interval was 15d for the 1 case,and the median time interval between treatment and diagnosis was 0d.Two Anopheles sinensis were captured in Fuxiatun,Handsome village,Liangjiang Town in 2011.Conclusion:All malaria cases reported in Wuming district of Nanning were imported malaria,mainly p.falciparum malaria and P.vivax malaria,which were mainly infected in Southeast Asian countries and African countries.Therefore,after the elimination of local malaria in this region,the prevention of imported malaria should be regarded as the focus of work.