不同烘烤方式对烤烟香气成分与品质的影响

Effects of Different Curing Methods on Aroma Components and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco

为探明箱式烘烤对烤烟香气品质的影响,本研究以NC55和中烟100中部叶为试材,采用HS-SPME arrow-GC/MS法测定箱式烘烤与传统挂竿烘烤方式下烟叶的挥发性香气成分含量,并结合多元变量统计方法系统分析两种烘烤方式下烟叶香气成分的差异及箱式烘烤烤房内不同位置烟叶香气成分含量特征。结果表明:(1)箱式烘烤有利于中烟100香气品质提升,NC55采用常规挂竿烘烤香气品质更好。(2)两种烘烤方式下烟叶香气成分存在一定的差异,NC55共筛选出差异成分35种,中烟100筛选出25种,共同的差异物质12种,大多数为质体色素降解产物。(3)箱式烘烤中,距离加热室的远近会影响烟叶香气物质含量,近加热室位置香气物质含量较高,中部和远加热室区域香气成分含量差异不大。为提高箱式烘烤烟叶香气品质,NC55箱式烘烤配套工艺尚需进一步优化完善,此外,可通过优化箱式烤房配套通风排湿系统,以保证烤房内环境温湿度的均衡。

In order to explore the effect of box curing on aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco,the box curing and traditional hanging curing experiments were carried out with NC55 and ZY100 middle leaves as experimental materials.The contents of volatile aroma components in tobacco leaves were determined by HS-SPME arrow-GC/MS method,and the differences in aroma components between two curing methods and the content characteristics of aroma components in leaves at different positions of box curing room were systematically analyzed by multivariate statistical methods.The results were as follows.(1)Box curing was beneficial to the improvement of aroma quality of ZY100,while traditional hanging curing was more better for NC55.(2)There were some differences in aroma components of tobacco leaves under the two curing methods.There were 35 differential components screened from NC55 and 25 ones from ZY100,so there were 12 common differential substances,most of which were plastid pigment degradation products.(3)During box curing,the distance from heating chamber had an effect on the content of aroma substances.The content of aroma components was higher when near the heating chamber,and there was no significant difference between the middle and far heating chambers.In order to improve the aroma quality of box curing tobacco,the matched technologies needed to be further optimized for NC55.In addition,the ventilation and humidity drainage system of box curing room should be optimized to ensure the balance of temperature and humidity in the baking room.