美国煤炭工业的现状与发展前景

Current situation and development prospect of American coal industry

本文分析讨论了过去20年美国煤炭工业的生产和消费发展状况,将美国的煤炭生产和消费状况分别划分为两个阶段——平稳上升期和急速下降期,而急速下降期的出现隐含着美国煤炭业的衰退。在此基础上,讨论了美国煤炭业发展面临的主要问题和挑战:①能源与环境政策的调整与变化;②页岩气开发突飞猛进;③煤炭产品国际竞争力下降;④产业盈利能力降低;⑤国际市场煤炭供应过剩;⑥环境问题等。最后,对美国煤炭工业的发展前景问题进行了分析,认为未来10年乃至更长时期,美国煤炭行业将继续下行或衰退。

This paper analyzes the production and consumption of American coal industry in the past two decades,which has experienced steadily rising period and rapidly falling period.And the latter period indicates the decline of American coal industry.On this basis,it is found that the coal industry in the United States is faced with the following problems and challenges:①the adjustment and change of domestic energy and environmental policies;②the rapid development of shale gas;③the weak international competitiveness of coal products;④the decline of industrial profi tability;⑤oversupply of coal in the international market;⑥environmental issues,etc.In the end,this paper analyzes the development prospect of American coal industry,and comes the conclusion that American coal industry is likely to continue to decline in the next decades or even longer.