儿科门诊静脉输液穿刺成功的影响因素

Influencing Factors of Success of Intravenous Infusion Puncture in Pediatric Outpatient Department

目的:分析儿科门诊静脉输液穿刺成功率的相关影响因素,并制定相关的护理措施。方法:回顾性选取泉州市妇幼保健院·儿童医院儿科门诊2020年5月-2021年5月收治的接受静脉输液治疗的21500例患儿,按照静脉穿刺成功情况将患儿分为失败组(2812例)和成功组(18688例)。两组的穿刺手法相同,比较两组年龄、性别、体型、疾病类型、穿刺部位、护士的从业时间及家属文化程度的差异,对穿刺失败的具体原因进行分析,同时制定有针对性的护理措施。结果:21500例患儿中,18688例患儿静脉输液穿刺成功,成功率为86.92%(18688/21500),失败率为13.08%(2812/21500)。两组体型、年龄、穿刺部位、护士的从业时间、家属文化程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在患儿性别、疾病类型方面,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果发现,儿科门诊静脉输液穿刺成功率的影响因素包括护士从业时间为3年以上、家属文化程度为研究生及以上、患儿年龄7~9岁、穿刺部位为四肢浅静脉(P<0.05)。结论:儿科门诊静脉输液穿刺成功率的影响因素包括护士从业时间为3年以上、家属文化程度为研究生及以上、患儿年龄7~9岁、穿刺部位为四肢浅静脉。在实际的临床工作中,应认真做好患儿及其家属的健康宣教和心理疏导工作,同时应加强护士的培训,不断提升静脉穿刺技术水平。

Objective:To analyze the relevant influencing factors of the success rate of intravenous infusion puncture in pediatric outpatient department,and formulate relevant nursing measures.Method:A total of 21500 children treated with intravenous infusion in the pediatric outpatient department of Quanzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital·Children’s Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively selected and divided into the failure group(2812 cases)and the success group(18688 cases)according to the success of venous puncture.The puncture technique of the two groups were the same.The differences in age,gender,body type,disease type,puncture site,working time of nurses and educational level of family members between the two groups were compared.The specific reasons for the puncture failure were analyzed,and targeted nursing measures were formulated.Result:Among the 21500 children,18688 children were successful in intravenous infusion puncture,the success rate was 86.92%(18688/21500),and the failure rate was 13.08%(2812/21500).There were significant differences in body type,age,puncture site,nurses’working time and family members’educational level between the two groups(P<0.05).In terms of gender and disease type,there were no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the success rate of intravenous infusion puncture in pediatric outpatient department included that the nurse had been working for more than 3 years,the family members had a graduate degree and the children were 7-9 years old and the puncture site was the superficial vein of limbs(P<0.05).Conclusion:The influencing factors for the success rate of intravenous infusion puncture in pediatric outpatient department include that the nurses have been working for more than 3 years,the family members have a graduate degree or above,the children are 7-9 years old,the puncture site is the superficial vein of limbs.In the actual clinical work,we should earnestly do a good job in the health education and psychological counseling of children and their families,strengthen the training of nurses,and continuously improve the technical level of venipuncture.