心胸外科手术部位感染的危险因素分析及对策

Risk factors and strategies of surgical site infection in cardiothoracic surgery

目的研究心胸外科手术部位感染的危险因素及对策。方法选取2019年1月~2020年12月在本院接受诊治的635例心胸外科手术患者,使用回顾性调查方法,分析心胸外科手术部位感染的危险因素。结果2019年1月~2020年12月心胸外科手术患者共635例,发生手术部位感染26例,感染率为4.09%,其中2019年心胸外科手术患者共314例,发生手术部位感染12例,感染率为3.82%,主要感染位置为浅层组织切口处;2020年心胸外科手术患者共321例,发生手术部位感染14例,感染率为4.36%,主要感染部位为深层组织切口。经过单因素分析,患者不同性别、麻醉方式、手术时机的感染发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者不同年龄、住院时间、手术切口清洁程度及术前抗菌药物的使用与有无糖尿病的感染发生率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强老年人抵抗力,加强抗菌药物的使用、缩短住院时间均可以有效降低心胸外科手术部位感染的几率。

Objective To study the risk factors and strategies of surgical site infection in cardiothoracic surgery.Methods 635 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery at our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected to analyze risk factors for cardiothoracic surgical site infections using a retrospective survey method.Results A total of 635 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery from January 2019 to December 2020,26 cases of surgical site infection occurred,with an infection rate of 4.09%,including a total of 314 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in 2019,12 cases of surgical site infection occurred,with an infection rate of 3.82%,and the main infection site was the superficial tissue incision.In 2020,there were 321 patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery,and 14 cases of surgical site infection occurred,and the infection rate was 4.36%.The main infection site was deep tissue incision.After univariate analysis,there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of infection among patients with different genders,anesthesia methods,and timing of surgery(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the incidence of infection among patients with different ages,hospitalization time,degree of surgical incision cleanliness,preoperative use of anti-bacterial drugs,and those with or without diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Conclusion Strengthening the resistance of the elderly,strengthening the use of antibiotics,and shortening hospitalization time can effectively reduce the incidence of site infection in cardiothoracic surgery.