瞬变电磁法勘探在矿山含水采空区的应用研究

Application of transient electromagnetic method in mine water bearing goaf

矿物资源的过多开采,尤其是小矿窑的任意开采,致使了过多地下采空区被忽略。这类采空区不但对地面建筑物、工程难度设施等造成不良影响,另外,对矿井内造成明显的安全事故隐患。因而,勘探开采全过程中生成的地下采空区拥有重要的实际意义。鉴于错综复杂的地形地貌,选用传统式的地面地球物理方法是艰难的、低效率的和昂贵的。与此对比,瞬变电磁法能够快速、多方面地运用于采空区勘探,尤其是在地形地貌错综复杂的山区地带,其工作效率取得了明显提升。本篇文章简述了瞬变电磁勘探技术的影响因素,野外较常用电磁探测的选择,为以后野外设备的选取提供参照。而后以工程难度实例阐述了瞬变电磁法勘探矿山含水采空区的机理、数值模拟计算、数据分析等。

The excessive exploitation of mineral resources,especially the arbitrary exploitation of small mines,leads to the neglect of too many underground goafs.This kind of goaf not only has an adverse impact on ground buildings and engineering facilities,but also causes obvious potential safety accidents in the mine.Therefore,the underground goaf generated in the whole process of exploration and mining has important practical significance.In view of the complex topography,the traditional ground geophysical method is difficult,inefficient and expensive.In contrast,transient electromagnetic method can be quickly and comprehensively applied to the exploration of goaf,especially in mountainous areas with complex topography and landform,and its work efficiency has been significantly improved.This paper briefly describes the influencing factors of transient electromagnetic exploration technology and the selection of electromagnetic detection commonly used in the field,so as to provide reference for the selection of field equipment in the future.Then,the mechanism,numerical simulation calculation and data analysis of transient electromagnetic method for exploring water bearing goaf in mine are described with an example of engineering difficulty.