硝化壳聚糖/n⁃Al复合材料的共振制备和燃烧特性

Resonance Preparation and Combustion Characteristics of Nitrochitosan/n⁃Al Nanocomposite

为有效缓解纳米铝粉(n⁃Al)颗粒团聚并改善其燃烧性能,利用具有蜂窝状网络结构且高能低感的硝化壳聚糖(NCh)为包覆剂,通过声共振法制备了结构均匀的二元纳米复合材料NCh/n⁃Al,同时采用XRD、SEM、TEM和激光点火研究了其形貌结构和燃烧性能,并与硝化棉(NC)/n⁃Al复合材料进行了对比。结果表明,制备的NCh/n⁃Al复合材料形貌均匀、分散性良好;相比于n⁃Al及NC/n⁃Al,NCh/n⁃Al点火延迟时间分别缩短了6和20 ms,火焰面积增大了近1倍;NCh/n⁃Al的燃烧更加充分,残渣主要包括Al_(2)O_(3)和极少量未燃烧的Al及碳渣,且粒径明显较小。

To alleviate the aggregates of n⁃Al particles and improve its combustion performance,high⁃energy low⁃sensitivity nitro⁃chitosan(NCh)with a honeycomb network structure was used as coating agent to prepare a binary nanocomposite with uniform structure through an acoustic resonance method.The morphology,structure and combustion performance of NCh/n⁃Al were in⁃vestigated by XRD,SEM,TEM and laser ignition,and compared with that of NC/n⁃Al composite.The results show that the pre⁃pared NCh/n⁃Al has uniform morphology and good dispersion.Compared with pure n⁃Al and NC/n⁃Al,the ignition delay time of NCh/n⁃Al is shortened by 6 ms and 20 ms,respectively.The combustion of NCh/n⁃Al is more complete,the condensed combus⁃tion products are mainly Al_(2)O_(3),a very small amount of unburned Al and carbon residue,and the particle size is significantly smaller.