基于GIS的全国三甲医院空间分布及其可达性研究

Research on Spatial Distribution and Accessibility of the Nationwide 3A Grade Hospital Based on GIS

借助GIS的空间分析方法,研究了我国三甲医院空间分布特征及其可达性(港澳台未统计),同时构建了省级行政区相互支持潜力模型,得到全国三甲医院空间分布图和省级行政区相互支持潜力等级图.分析结果表明:(1)2020年全国共有三甲医院1620家,三甲医院空间分布总体呈现出以东部最为密集、中部次之、西部最为稀疏的格局;(2)全国三甲医院医疗服务范围大体上受医院空间分布影响,医疗服务覆盖率最好的地区为上海市,北京、天津、山东、安徽、江苏、辽宁、浙江和广东等省市覆盖率较好,其余地区覆盖率较低;(3)各省级行政区受自身居民需求影响,全国不同地区三甲医院相互支持潜力等级以中低级为主,支持潜力等级最高的地区为安徽省.

In this paper,with the help of the spatial analysis method of GIS,the spatial distribution characteristics and accessibility of China's 3A grade hospitals(not counted in Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)are studied.At the same time,the mutual support potential model of provincial administrative regions is constructed,and the spatial distribution map of nationwide 3A grade hospitals and the mutual support potential grade map of provincial administrative regions are obtained.The analysis results show that as followings:(1)In 2020,there are 16203A grade hospitals in China.The spatial distribution of 3A grade hospitals is the most dense in the eastern region,followed by the central region and the most sparse in the western region.(2)The scope of medical services of nationwide 3A grade hospitals is generally affected by the spatial distribution of hospitals.The regions with the best medical service coverage is Shanghai,Beijing,Tianjin,Shandong,Anhui,Jiangsu,Liaoning,Zhejiang and Guangdong,while the medical service coverage of other regions is low.(3)Each provincial administrative region is affected by the needs of its own residents.The mutual support potential level of nationwide 3A grade hospitals in different regions of the country is mainly medium and low,and the region with the highest support potential level is Anhui province.