鲜山楂冷浸提取天然红色素工艺研究

Study on Extraction of Natural Red Pigment from Fresh Hawthorn by Cold Leaching

为解决山楂天然红色素在提取过程中易变色,温度升高可引起总酸含量、维生素C含量、色素含量下降的问题,探索山楂天然红色素的提取方法。鲜山楂采用冷浸提取天然红色素,以L9(3^(4))正交实验优选冷浸提取工艺参数,以浸膏收率、天然红色素含量为提取考察指标。优选的鲜山楂冷浸提取天然红色素工艺研究为:第一次加入6倍量的75%药用乙醇,冷浸提取3天。第二次加入3倍量的75%药用乙醇,冷浸提取2天。第三次加入3倍量的75%药用乙醇,冷浸提取2天,先后分次收集乙醇低温浓缩液并合并。按优选的鲜山楂冷浸提取红色素工艺进行验证,浸膏密度、浸膏收率、浸膏性状和红色素含量等各项检查均符合实验标准要求。实验数据重现性好,冷浸提取工艺稳定、可靠,为鲜山楂天然红色素在食品行业、制药行业的开发、应用,提供了技术支持和参考依据。

In order to solve the problem that the natural red pigment of Hawthorn is easy to change color in the extraction process,the increase of temperature can cause the decrease of total acid content,vitamin C content and pigment content,the extraction method of natural red pigment of Hawthorn was explored.The natural red pigment was extracted from fresh Hawthorn by cold extraction.The cold extraction process parameters were optimized by L9(34)orthogonal experiment.The extraction yield and natural red pigment content were taken as the extraction indexes.The optimal extraction process of natural red pigment from fresh hawthorn was as follows:6 times of 75% medicinal ethanol was added for the first time,and cold extraction lasted for 3 days.Three times of 75% medicinal ethanol was added for the second time,and cold-soaked for 2 days.Three times the amount of 75% medicinal ethanol was added for the third time,and cold-soaked for extraction for 2 days.Low-temperature ethanol concentrate was collected in batches and combined.The results showed that the extract density,yield,properties and content of red pigment were all in line with the experimental standard.The experimental data were reproducible and the cold extraction process was stable and reliable,which provided technical support and reference for the development and application of natural red pigment of fresh hawthorn in food industry and pharmaceutical industry.