建筑能耗计算的海洋气象参数逐时化方法

Hourly method of marine meteorological parameters for building energy consumption calculation

为获取适用于海洋性气候条件下关键节能气象参数的逐时化方法,针对温度、露点温度、相对湿度、风速、大气压5种节能计算气象参数,通过对比内陆代表城市和沿海代表城市,分析了线性插值、三次样条插值、分段三次Hermite插值、Akima插值和径向基插值法在海洋性气候条件下的适用性及特点。研究表明:海洋性气候条件下,冬季温度最佳插值法为三次样条插值,湿度为Akima插值,夏季温度和湿度的最佳插值法同为分段三次Hermite插值;露点温度的最佳插值法在冬、夏两季同为线性插值法、风速和大气压的最佳插值法在冬、夏两季同为Akima插值法;不同气象参数的插值准确性在相同的季节整体变化趋势相同,夏季插值精度由小到大为风速、露点温度、湿度、温度、大气压,冬季为露点温度、风速、湿度、温度、大气压。露点温度、湿度和风速插值精度受地域影响程度较大,三者受地域影响由小到大依次为湿度、露点温度和风速。温度、大气压数据插值精度受地域影响小。

To obtain the suitable hourly methods for key energy-saving meteorological parameters under maritime climate condition,this study analyzed five energy-saving meteorological parameters including temperature,dew point temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,and atmospheric pressure.By comparing representative inland and coastal cities,the applicability and characteristics of linear interpolation,cubic spline interpolation,piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation,Akima interpolation,and radial basis function interpolation in maritime climate conditions were discussed.Results show that under maritime climate conditions,the best interpolation method for winter temperature was cubic spline interpolation,and that for humidity was Akima interpolation;the best interpolation method for summer temperature and humidity was piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation.The best interpolation method for dew point temperature was linear interpolation in both winter and summer,and that for wind speed and atmospheric pressure was Akima interpolation in both winter and summer.The interpolation accuracy of different meteorological parameters had the same overall trend in the same season.The interpolation accuracy in summer from small to large was wind speed,dew point temperature,humidity,temperature,and atmospheric pressure,and that in winter was dew point temperature,wind speed,humidity,temperature,and atmospheric pressure.The interpolation accuracy of dew point temperature,humidity,and wind speed was greatly affected by the region,and they were affected in an ascending order of humidity,dew point temperature,and wind speed.The interpolation accuracy of temperature and atmospheric pressure data was less affected by the region.