在日粮中添加抗菌肽对鲤鱼免疫力的影响

Effects of adding antimicrobial peptides in diet on immunity of Cyprinus carpio

试验以鲤(Cyprinus carpio)为研究受试对象,在养殖生产中的基础饵料中使用不同含量的抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptide),研究其对机体疫功能的影响。该试验中,选取200尾体重差异不显著、健康无病的鲤鱼随机分为4组(每组包含5个重复,每个重复10尾)。对照组鲤饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、2组、3组鲤饲喂分别在基础日粮中添加50mg/kg、100mg/kg、150mg/kg的抗菌肽,预试验10d,正式试验60d。试验结束检测鲤的免疫指标。结果表明:试验2组鲤血清中的IL-1α含量显著高于对照组和试验1组(P<0.05);试验3组鲤血清中IL-1α含量有比对照组含量提高趋势(P>0.05)。试验2组中的鲤血清中IL-1β、IgM含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验3组IL-1β、IgM含量有提高趋势,但与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验2组鲤机体溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组、试验1组、试验3组(P<0.05)。抗菌肽对鲤的MHC无显著影响(P>0.05)。研究表明,在鲤日粮中添加一定含量的抗菌肽可以显著提高鲤机体的免疫功能,且最适添加量为100mg/kg。

In this study,Cyprinus carpio was used as the research object to investigate the effects of different contents of antimicrobial peptide in the basic feed in the culture and production of Cyprinus carpio.In this experiment,200 healthy and disease-free carp with no significant body weight difference were randomly divided into 4 groups(each group contained 5 replicates and each replicate contained 10 carp).The control group was fed a basal diet,and the control group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 50mg/kg,100mg/kg and 150mg/kg antimicrobial peptides in groups 1,2 and 3,respectively.The pre-experiment lasted for 10 days and the formal experiment lasted for 60 days.At the end of the experiment,the immune indexes of Cyprinus carpio were detected.The results showed that the serum IL-1αcontent in experimental group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group and experimental group 1(P<0.05);The serum IL-1αcontent of experimental group 3 was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The contents of IL-1βand IgM in serum of experimental group 2 were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),the contents of IL-1βand IgM in test groups showed an increasing trend,but there was no significant difference compared with control group(P<0.05).The lysozyme activity of experimental group 2 was significantly higher than that of control group,experimental group 1 and experimental group 3(P<0.05).Antimicrobial peptides had no significant effect on the MHC of Cyprinus carpio(P<0.05).The results showed that adding a certain amount of antimicrobial peptides in the diet could significantly improve the immune function of Cyprinus carpio,and the optimal supplemental level was 100mg/kg.