王质“自成一家”的《诗序》观

On Wang Zhi's Unique View on the Preface to Shi Jing

王质是宋代“废序言诗”的代表学者,但实际上,他的《诗序》观较为复杂,除了有对《诗序》的否定,还兼有认同、存疑,甚至是曲解附会。相比于汉代的《诗序》和时人的《诗》学思想,王质对诗文的理解与阐释,体现了其《诗》学思想上的三个特点。一是经学为本,深入发展儒家德礼学说;二是借《诗》言志,彰显忠君爱国之心;三是“因情求意”,展现人文关怀的温度。这其中一些观点更是具有着超时代的意义,因此,他无愧于“以意逆志、自成一家”的称誉。

Wang Zhi was a famous representative scholar who criticized the Preface of the Shi Jing in the Song Dynasty.In fact,his views are mixed.In addition to criticism,there is approval,doubt and even misinterpretation to the work.Compared with the thought of the Preface of Shi Jing in Han Dynasty and the views on Shi in modern time,his thought has three characteristics:first,taking Confucian classics as the foundation;the second,expressing aspiration through Shi;the third,pursuing the original meaning according to the feelings in the poem.He is regarded as the most unique scholar with the spirit of inverse understanding.