糖尿病合并肿瘤患者放射治疗配合饮食护理干预的效果

The Effect of Radiation Therapy Combined with Dietary Nursing Intervention in Diabetic Patients with Tumor

目的探究在糖尿病合并肿瘤患者中将放射治疗与饮食护理干预进行配合使用的临床效果。方法选择2019年1月—2021年5月该院100例糖尿病合并肿瘤患者,给予患者放射治疗。以2019年1月—2020年3月接收的50例患者为对照组,给予患者常规护理;以2020年4月—2021年5月接收的50例患者为研究组,在常规护理基础之上给予其饮食护理干预。对比分析在不同护理方法下两组患者的血糖水平、并发症发生率和饮食知识积分情况。结果干预后,研究组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖和糖化血红蛋白值分别为(6.88±0.51)mmol/L、(9.34±0.99)mmol/L和(7.17±0.44)%,体质指数为(22.37±1.21)kg/m^(2),均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.813、6.897、28.659、5.464,P<0.05)。研究组患者的并发症发生率为12.00%,低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.000,P<0.05)。在饮食知识得分方面,研究组患者在一般知识、总能量控制知识、营养物质均衡知识、食物交换份知识和总分方面的得分分别为(3.11±0.78)分、(2.33±0.86)分、(8.15±1.12)分、(1.86±0.94)分、(18.77±1.98)分,与对照组对比,差异有统计学意义(t=5.449、2.559、3.375、3.743、4.621,P<0.05),血糖指数(GI)和血糖负荷(GL)知识分别为(2.77±0.99)分、(2.57±0.83)分,组间对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在给予糖尿病合并肿瘤患者放射治疗时,配合饮食护理干预方法,其临床效果显著,可有效改善患者的血糖水平,降低患者的并发症发生率,对患者具有积极意义。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of combined use of radiation therapy and dietary nursing intervention in diabetic patients with tumor.Methods 100 cases diabetic patients with tumors in the hospital from January 2019 to May 2021 were selected,and all patients were given radiotherapy.The control group of 50 patients received from January 2019 to March 2020 was given routine care.The patients received from April 2020 to May 2021 were taken as the research group,and dietary care intervention was given on the basis of routine care.The blood glucose levels,complication rates and dietary knowledge scores of the two groups of patients under different nursing methods were compared and analyzed.Results After the intervention,the fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin values of the patients in the study group were(6.88±0.51)mmol/L,(9.34±0.99)mmol/L and(7.17±0.44)%,respectively,and the body mass index was(22.37±1.21)kg/m^(2),which were all better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.813,6.897,28.659,5.464,P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group was 12.00%,which was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.000,P<0.05).In terms of dietary knowledge score,the scores of patients in the study group in general knowledge,total energy control knowledge,nutrient balance knowledge,food exchange knowledge,and total score were(3.11±0.78)points,(2.33±0.86)points,(8.15±1.12)points,(1.86±0.94)points,(18.77±1.98)points,compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=5.449,2.559,3.375,3.743,4.621,P<0.05);the glycemic index(GI)and glycemic load(GL)knowledge were(2.77±0.99)points and(2.57±0.83)points,respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of diet nursing intervention method is significant when radiotherapy is given to patients with diabetes and tumor.It can effectively improve the blood sugar level of patients,reduce the incidence of complications of patients,and has positive significance for patients.