以木薯淀粉为原料合成高保水性吸水树脂

Synthesis of high water retention absorbent resin using cassava starch

以木薯淀粉(St)为原料,丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,采用溶液聚合法制备淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺吸水树脂(St-g-AM)。测试了单体与淀粉质量比、反应温度、反应时间、交联剂用量、引发剂用量以及氢氧化钠用量对树脂吸收蒸馏水和人工尿吸收倍率的影响。结果表明,最佳反应条件为:单体与淀粉质量比为40∶100,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为2.5h,交联剂用量为单体质量的0.20%,引发剂用量为单体质量的2.0%,氢氧化钠用量为单体质量的30%。在以上条件下合成的吸水树脂对蒸馏水和人工尿的最大吸收倍率分别为429.5g/g和41.2g/g。吸水后的树脂在25℃下放置9d质量基本上没有变化。该树脂具有优异的保水性能。

Superabsorbent resin was prepared by solution polymerization of cassava starch graft acrylamide(St-g-AM).Cassava starch(St)as raw material,acrylamide(AM)as the monomer,N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide as the cross-linker,potassium persulfate as the initiator.The influence of mass ratio of monomer vs starch,reaction temperature,reaction time,amount of cross-linking agent,amount of initiator,and the amount of NaOH on the absorbing ability were studied.The results show that the optimum reaction conditions are as follows:the mass ratio of starch and monomer is 40∶100,the reaction temperature is 60℃,the reaction time is 2.5 h,the amount of cross-linking agent is 0.20%of the mass of monomer,the amount of initiator is 2.0%of the mass of monomer,the amount of sodium hydroxid is 30%of the mass of monomer.Under the above conditions,the maximum liquid absorption rate of the resin on distilled water and artificial urine are 429.5 g/g and 41.2 g/g,respectively.After water absorption,the resin was placed at 25℃for 9 days,and the mass remained basically unchanged,the water retention of the resin was excellent.