硕士生基础性科研素养:现实图景、影响因素与提升策略

Present Situation,Influence Factor and Promotion Strategy:Scientific Research Quality of Master Degree Candidate

基础性科研素养是研究生教育的重中之重。基于学习收获理论,运用问卷调查,对全国2149份样本数据进行实证分析发现,硕士生基础性科研素养呈现出的特征是:“高期望、低收获”的显著特征和“知识强、情感弱”的结构性失衡,在不同家庭经济状况因素上呈现显著差异;硕士生基础性科研素养的形成主要受个人投入、课程教学、院校支持、导师影响的共同作用。硕士生基础性科研素养的提升路径是:院校、导师、个体三方合力,调动学生主观能动性,提高个人投入;重视学生就读期望,切合学生需求进行个性化培养;回归育人之本,利用课程教学培养学生科研意识;强化院校支持,突出导师力量,引导并帮助学生科研素养提升。

Fundamental scientific research quality is of primary importance.The study used the the⁃ory of learning gain and questionnaire survey to analyze the 2149 sample data in China,and conclud⁃ed that the basic scientific research quality of master degree candidates presents the significant char⁃acteristics of high expectation and low harvest as well as the structural imbalance of strong knowl⁃edge and weak emotion,and there are significant differences between different families in different economic conditions.The formation of basic scientific research quality of master degree candidates is mainly affected by personal investment,curriculum teaching,institutional support,and supervi⁃sor influence.The improvement paths of basic scientific research quality of master degree candi⁃dates need the joint efforts of colleges,supervisor and individuals to mobilize subjective initiative of students and improve individual investment;pay more attention to students'learning expectations and carry out personalized training according to students'needs;go back to essence of education,and use curriculum teaching to train the research awareness of students;intensify the support from the colleges,and highlight the strength of supervisor,and guide and help the students to improve the scientific research quality.