益生菌提升运动员免疫功能研究进展

Research Progress of Probiotics Improving Immune Function of Athletes

长时间、大强度运动可引起运动员运动性免疫抑制,导致上呼吸道感染和胃肠道感染的风险增加。作为一种安全的营养补充剂,益生菌在运动领域的应用日益增多。越来越多的研究表明,补充益生菌可提高机体免疫力,增强肠黏膜屏障功能,减少运动员上呼吸道感染和胃肠道疾病的发生率、严重程度和/或持续时间。本文综述运动员运动性免疫抑制的原因,可改善运动性免疫抑制的益生菌菌株/剂量的特异性及其在体育中应用的作用机理,并阐述其存在的问题以及今后的研究方向。

Long-term,high-intensity exercise can cause exercise-induced immunosuppression in athletes,and increase the risk of upper respiratory tract infection and gastrointestinal infection.As a safe nutritional supplement,probiotics are increasingly used in sports.Increasing evidence suggests that probiotics supplementation can improve the immune function of the body and strengthen the intestinal mucosal barrier function,thereby reducing the incidence,severity,and/or duration of upper respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal diseases in athletes.These benefits can indirectly promote recovery and improve exercise performance.This article summarized the causes for exercise-induced immunosuppression in athletes,the specificity of probiotic strain/dose and potential mechanisms of action for application in sport,as well as the existing problems,future research directions for probiotics have prospected.