“双减”政策破解义务教育内卷化困境的机理与路向

Mechanism and Paths for“Double Reduction”Policy to Deal with Educational Involution in Compulsory Education

学生学业负担过重现象是义务教育内卷化的外在表现,而教育目标收缩效应、教学活动模板效应、学校功能外溢效应则是这一内卷化状况的内在体现。“双减”政策为破解义务教育内卷化难题而生,其运转机理是:借助教育聚魂、教学深改、学校升级等手段,带动义务教育内核层面上的调整运动,最终达到解决相关问题的目的。据此,“双减”政策理应从教育观念系统修复、高品质教学创造、新学校建设等方面强化内涵建设,助推义务教育如期突破内卷、回归新常态。

The excessive academic burden of students is a sign and symptom of the involution in compulsory education, and the contraction effect of educational goals, the template effect of teaching activities, and the spillover effect of school functions are the internal embodiment of this involution. The“double reduction”policy was born to solve the problem of involution in compulsory education. Its operating mechanism is: by means of education cohesion, deep teaching reform, school upgrading and other means, it will drive the adjustment movement at the core level of compulsory education, and eventually achieve the root out of the problem of education. Accordingly, the“double reduction”policy should strengthen the connotation construction from three aspects, namely, the systematic restoration of educational concepts, the creation of high-quality teaching, and the construction of new schools, so as to promote compulsory education to break involution and return to the new normal situation.