新时代职业健康形势、挑战和对策建议

Analysis of status and countermeasures against occupational hazards in the new era

目前,我国职业病新发病例数量仍处于历史高位,粉尘和化学毒物危害防控压力依然巨大,新兴职业病危害问题不断显现,群发性职业病危害事件仍不容忽视,职业健康监督管理工作基础依然薄弱,职业健康技术支撑和服务能力亟需提升,职业健康专业技术人才缺乏,用人单位职业病防治主体责任落实不力。职业健康工作面临各种挑战,包括:职业健康管理服务领域和人群必然拓展;法定职业病范围外的职业健康问题不断显现;新旧职业病危害日益交织、叠加,职业健康需求两极化凸显;职业健康管理与服务模式面临创新需求。应进一步转变理念、夯实职业健康工作基础,加强理论技术创新、开展科技攻关、完善顶层设计、建设健康企业、积极应对新兴职业危害和企业两极化需求等,做好新时代的职业健康工作。

At present,the number of new cases of occupational diseases in China is at a historical high level,and the pressure of prevention and control of dust exposure and chemical toxicants is high.The problems of new occupational hazards continue to emerge,and mass occupational hazard events cannot be ignored.The foundation of supervision and management of occupational health is weak,and the technical support and service of occupational health need to be improved urgently.There is a lack of professional and technical personnel for occupational health,and the implementation of responsibility of prevention and control of occupational disease is not effective.Occupational health work faces various challenges,which includes the necessary expansion of the area and the population of occupational health management service,the constant emergence of occupational health problems outside the scope of legal occupational diseases,the increasing intertwining and superimposition of the old and new occupational hazards,the prominent polarizing of occupational health needs and the need of innovation of management and service of occupational health.It is necessary to change the ideas,consolidate the foundation of occupational health work,strengthen theoretical and technological innovation,carry out scientific and technological research,improve and perfect the top-level design,develop healthy enterprises,respond to the rising need of new occupational hazards and polarization of enterprises actively,and do well in occupational health in the new era.