儿童难治性癫痫的治疗进展

Advances in the treatment of refractory epilepsy in children

癫痫是儿童最常见的神经系统疾病之一,据统计,全世界约有7000万人患有癫痫,其中一半以上为儿童,大部分患者可通过抗癫痫发作药物治疗实现无发作,但仍有1/3患者对抗癫痫发作药物无反应而发展成难治性癫痫(refractory epilepsy,RE)。RE严重损害患儿及其家庭的生活质量,给社会造成重大负担,因此,探索和发现治疗RE的新方法和新策略具有重要意义。该文介绍了新型抗癫痫发作药物、生酮饮食、外科手术、神经电刺激及新兴的精准医疗等方法,以期为儿童RE的治疗提供新的选择和思路。

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases,affecting about 70 million people worldwide,more than half of whom are children.Even though seizure-free is largely achieved by anti-seizure medications,there are still one-third of patients with epilepsy who continue to experience seizure attacks and develop into refractory epilepsy(RE).RE can seriously impair the life-quality of children and their families,and impose a substantial burden on society.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore and discover novel therapeutic methods and strategies for RE in children.This review is aimed to introduce several current and emerging therapeutic approaches for RE,including some new anti-seizure medications,ketogenic diet,neurosurgery,neurostimulation and emerging precision medicine,and provide new treatment strategy to children with RE.