牙周病与神经系统疾病关系的研究进展

Research progress in association of neurological disorders and periodontal diseases

牙周病是由细菌引起的牙支持组织的疾病,可导致全身的慢性低度炎症。一旦全身慢性炎症持续存在,可能诱发神经炎症。神经炎症是多种神经系统疾病的重要特征,提示牙周病与神经系统疾病之间可能存在潜在联系。本文列举了牙周病诱发和加重神经系统疾病(包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化以及重度抑郁症)的流行病学和生物学证据,分析牙周病诱导和加重神经系统疾病的可能机制。强调维护口腔健康、预防和治疗牙周病的重要性,并为牙周病与神经系统疾病关系的深入研究以及相关神经系统疾病的防治策略提供新思路。

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases caused by oral pathogens around the periodontal supporting tissues,leading to systemic and chronic inflammatory conditions.The continuous chronic systemic inflammation may be a trigger of neuroinflammation,which is the prominent feature of a variety of neurological disorders.It implies that there may be a causal link between periodontal diseases and neurological disorders.This article presents epidemiological and biological evidences that periodontal diseases can induce or exacerbate neurological disorders,including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple sclerosis and major depressive disorder,and analyzes the possible mechanisms.The importance of maintaining oral health as well as preventing and treating periodontal diseases are emphasized.At the same time,this may provide novel approaches to study the relationship between periodontal diseases and neurological disorders in the prevention and treatment strategies of neurological disorders.