文本的改写与主体的重构——诺奖作家古尔纳小说《多蒂》创作论

Rewriting of Texts and Reconstruction of Subjects:On the Creation of Dottie by Nobel Prize Winner Gurnah

2021年诺贝尔文学奖得主坦桑尼亚作家古尔纳的第三部长篇小说《多蒂》以出生在英国的黑人女孩多蒂为主人公,讲述其在伦敦艰难谋生、自强奋斗的立志故事,但文本的深处却是对殖民问题及其后果的深切关怀。小说取得成功的一个重要原因是作者继承并改写了以狄更斯为代表的英国经典成长小说传统,同时又重构了以非洲人为主体的成长小说,进而完成了帝国叙事的后殖民逆写。

Dottie, the third novel by Tanzanian writer Abdulrazak Gurnah, 2021 Nobel Prize winner in Literature, tells a story that a black girl Dottie who was born in England struggled to make a living and empower herself in London. It presents deep concerns about colonial issues and their consequences. An important reason for the novel’s success is that Gurnah inherited and rewrote the classic British Bildungsroman tradition represented by Dickens, and at the same time reconstructed African-based Bildungsroman, thus completing a postcolonial “writing back” of imperial narrative.