接种新冠病毒疫苗意愿的影响因素分析

Factors affecting the willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination

目的分析浙江省未接种第2剂新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗(新冠灭活疫苗)人群的接种意愿及影响因素,为完善新冠病毒疫苗接种策略提供依据。方法随机抽取浙江省SaaS化云金苗预防接种系统中2021年3—5月接种第1剂新冠灭活疫苗后超过56 d未接种第2剂的人群(脱漏人员)为调查对象,通过电话调查收集脱漏人员的基本信息、新冠灭活疫苗接种情况和第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析脱漏人员第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果调查562人,有效应答292人,有效应答率为51.96%。实际脱漏人员54人,年龄为(40.91±16.75)岁。男性39人,占72.22%;女性15人,占27.78%。初中及以下文化程度为23人,占42.59%。调查时距第1剂新冠灭活疫苗接种时间间隔为(137±28)d。有第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿27人,占50.00%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,工作场所有接种要求的脱漏人员第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿较高(OR=5.393,95%CI:1.112~26.152);第1剂新冠灭活疫苗接种后感觉身体不适的脱漏人员第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿较低(OR=0.168,95%CI:0.035~0.806)。结论本次调查的脱漏人员第2剂新冠灭活疫苗接种意愿较低,工作场所有接种要求和接种第1剂新冠灭活疫苗后未感觉身体不适者第2剂接种意愿较高。

Objective To investigate the willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccination and its influencing factors among individuals that missed the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in Zhejiang Province,so as to provide the evidence for improving the strategy for COVID-19 vaccination.Methods Individuals that did not receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine after 56 days of getting the first dose(missed individuals)from March and May,2021,were randomly sampled from Zhejiang Provincial SaaS Vaccination Information System.Their basic informa⁃tion,status of getting the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and willingness to receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine were collected through telephone interviews.The factors affecting the willingness to receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine were identified among the missed individuals using a multivariable logistic re⁃gression model.Results Totally 562 individuals were investigated,and there were 292(51.96%)valid respondents.There were 54 actual missed individuals,with a mean age of(40.91±16.75)years,which included 39 men(72.22%)and 15 women(27.78%).Of all missed individuals,23 had an educational level of junior high school and below(42.59%).The mean duration from the time of investigation to the time of getting the first dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was(137±28)days.A half of the missed individuals were willing to receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed high willingness to receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine among the missed individuals with requirements of vaccination in the workplace(OR=5.393,95%CI:1.112-26.152)and low willingness among the missed individuals that felt physical discomfort after receiving the first dose(OR=0.168,95%CI:0.035-0.806).Conclusions The willingness to receive the second dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was low among the missed individuals,and high willingness is seen among the missed individuals with require⁃ments of vaccination in the workplace and without physical discomfort after receiving the first dose of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine.