中学生噪声性听力损失调查分析探讨

Investigation and analysis of the noise-induced hearing loss in middle school students

目的探讨中学生噪声性听力损失的影响因素,为进一步预防听力损失提供一定依据。方法在天津市某两所中学随机抽取780名学生作为调查对象,通过问卷方式调查中学生听力损失情况,并进行纯音测听,量表评估。结果完成问卷调查者756人,存在听力损失者41人(5.42%),其中噪声性听力损失者29人(3.84%)。单因素分析显示,性别、学习压力、睡眠、手机耳机、手机耳机音量、每天持续使用耳机时间是中学生听力损失的相关影响因素(PvO.05)。多因素分析显示,手机耳机是中学生噪声性听力损失的独立危险因素(P<0.01)。结论耳机对中学生噪声性听力损失的危害较大,应加强噪声防护的宣教,提高中学生听力保健意识,以减少噪声性听力损失的发生。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of noise-induced hearing loss in middle school students,and to provide reference for further prevention of hearing loss.Methods 780 students were randomly selected from two middle schools in Tianjin as the survey subjects.The hearing loss of middle school students was investigated through questionnaires,and pure tone audiometry and scale evaluation were performed.Results 756 people completed the questionnaires,41 people(5.42%)had hearing loss,and 29 people(3.84%)had noise-induced hearing loss.Single factor analysis showed that gender,study pressure,sleep,mobile phone,mobile phone earphone volume,and continuous use of earphones per day are related influencing factors of middle school students'hearing loss(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that mobile earphones were an independent risk factor for noise-induced hearing loss in middle school students(P<0.01).Conclusions Mobile phones a re more harmful to middle school students'hearing.Education on noise protection should be strengthened,and the awareness of hearing health care of middle school students should be improved to reduce the occurrence of noise-induced hearing loss.