基于LabVIEW和FPGA的超声波探伤数据处理系统设计

Design of Ultrasonic Flaw Detection Data Processing System Based on LabVIEW and FPGA

FPGA在通信、控制、数据采集、信号处理、图像视频处理方面都有着广泛应用;LabVIEW FPGA是一种开发效率高、代码可读性好、库函数丰富的嵌入式图形化开发环境,主要支持National instrument公司的FPGA板卡。为满足多通道、高宽带和大吞吐率的应用要求,同时达到使用LabVIEW开发自主设计的FPGA板卡来降本增效的目的,文章设计了一种超声波探伤数据处理系统,其采用FPGA搭建系统硬件架构,采用LabVIEW搭建底层软件架构。文章全面阐述了基于FPGA搭建DDR3内存、Flash存储器、双千兆以太网、编码器、超声激励、超声数据采集、UART收发器及接口互连(I2C)等硬件电路的构建原理,系统地介绍了基于LabVIEW设计DDR3读写、以太网通信、超声数据信号处理等并行线程的顶层构建方法,详细描述了Socket CLIP、IP Node技术实现LabVIEW与底层硬件之间的互联互通。最后以实际应用案例论证了用LabVIEW开发自研的FPGA板卡的可行性,一方面,采用该系统可节约60%的硬件成本,缩小30%~50%的PCB面积;另一方面,成功实现了LabVIEW下创建自研FPGA目标机的应用模式,它不仅可以发挥LabVIEW图形化编程的高效性能,而且还可以发挥自研FPGA板卡带来的超高性价比,提升60%的开发效率。

FPGA is widely used in communication, control, data acquisition, signal processing, image and video processing.LabVIEW FPGA is an embedded graphical development environment suitable for measurement and control field with high development efficiency, good code readability and rich library functions. Nevertheless,it mainly supports the FPGA board of national instrument company. In order to meet the application requirements of multichannel, high bandwidth and high throughput, and use LabVIEW to develop customized FPGA board to reduce cost and increase efficiency, this paper presents a design of ultrasonic flaw detection data processing system which use FPGA to build the system hardware architecture and use LabVIEW to build the underlying software architecture. It comprehensively expounds the construction of DDR3, Flash memory, dual-Gigabit-Ethernet,encoder, ultrasonic excitation, ultrasonic data acquisition, UART and I2C and other hardware circuits;systematically introduces the top-level construction method of parallel threads such as DDR3 reading and writing, Ethernet communication and ultrasonic data signal processing based on LabVIEW;describes in detail the Socket CLOP and IP Node technologies which realizes interconnection between LabVIEW and the underlying hardware. The feasibility of developing self-developed FPGA board by LabVIEW is demonstrated with a practical case, which can save 60% of hardware cost and reduce the PCB circuit area by 30% ~ 50%, and the application mode of creating self-developed FPGA target machine under LabVIEW is successfully realized, which can not only give full play to the efficient performance of LabVIEW graphical programming, but also give full play to the ultra-high cost performance brought by self-developed FPGA board, and the development efficiency is improved by 60%.