我国≥35岁女性血脂异常现状调查

Investigation on status of dyslipidemia in Chinese females aged 35 years or above

目的了解我国≥35岁女性血脂异常患病、知晓、治疗及控制情况。方法“十二五”国家科技支撑课题“中国重要心血管病患病率调查及关键技术研究”项目采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取调查对象。本研究为回顾性、横断面研究,选取该项目中17418名≥35岁的女性,问卷调查收集其年龄、病史、是否绝经等基本信息,实验室检测其血脂指标。分析我国≥35岁女性血脂异常总体及各类型的患病率,血脂异常知晓率、治疗率及控制率。结果纳入的女性年龄(56.2±13.0)岁,血脂异常患病率为33.1%(5765/17418),其中高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症患病率分别为9.7%(1695/17418)、11.1%(1925/17418)、10.9%(1889/17418)及7.3%(1262/17418)。血脂异常患病率随年龄增加而上升,非已婚、汉族、初潮年龄>16岁、肥胖、中心性肥胖、饮酒、糖尿病、高血压、有心血管病家族史的女性,其血脂异常患病率均高于无该特征女性(P均<0.05)。绝经女性为10432人(59.9%),其血脂异常患病率为38.8%(4048/10432),高于非绝经女性(24.6%,1717/6986)(P<0.05)。我国≥35岁女性血脂异常知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别为33.9%(1953/5765)、15.1%(870/5765)及2.5%(143/5765)。结论我国≥35女性血脂异常患病率较高,且其知晓、治疗及控制情况不容乐观。

Objective To investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment and control status of dyslipidemia among females aged≥35 years old across China.Methods Participants were selected by stratified multistage random sampling method in the"Twelfth Five-Year Plan"National Science and Technology Support Project"Survey on the Prevalence of Important Cardiovascular Diseases and Key Technology Research in China"project.This study is a retrospective,cross-sectional study.A total of 17418 females aged 35 years and over were included in the current study.The basic information such as age,medical history and menopause was collected by questionnaire.The blood lipid parameters were derived from clinical laboratory examinations.The prevalence of dyslipidemia and the rate of awareness,treatment,and control of dyslipidemia were analyzed in females aged 35 years and over.Results The age of participants was(56.2±13.0)years old,and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 33.1%(5765/17418).The prevalence rates of high total cholesterol,hypertriglyceridemia,low HDL-C and high LDL-C were 9.7%(1695/17418),11.1%(1925/17418),10.9%(1889/17418)and 7.3%(1262/17418),respectively.The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with age and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in women who were not married,Han,menarche age>16 years,obesity,central obesity,alcohol consumption,diabetes,hypertension and family history of cardiovascular disease were higher than those without such characteristics(P<0.05).There were 10432(59.9%)menopausal females in this cohort and prevalence of dyslipidemia of these participants was 38.8%(4048/10432),which was higher than that of non-postmenopausal females(24.6%,1717/6986)(P<0.05).The awareness rates,treatment rates and control rates of dyslipidemia were 33.9%(1953/5765),15.1%(870/5765)and 2.5%(143/5765)respectively among females aged 35 years and over in China.Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese females aged 35 years and over is high,and its awareness,treatment,and control rates need to be optimized.