科研方向创新的理念与方法

Philosophy and methodology for the innovation in the direction of scientific research

科研方向创新是科技发展中的重大问题,涉及较多的理念和方法.掌握这些理念与方法对科技工作者十分重要和必要.本文在对“创新”一词进行解读的基础上,结合自身的经验、认识和体会,总结提出了关于工程科技创新的32字口诀,和关于科研方向创新的“第一原理,需求引领,顺势外推,学科交叉,反向思维,节点穷举”等具体方法,以及模型树、节点法等概念,并以油气钻井技术为例说明这些方法的典型应用.

The innovation in the direction of scientific research is a major issue in the development of science and technology,which involves variety of philosophy and methodology,and it is important and necessary for scientists and engineers.Based on the interpretation of“innovation”,combined with the author’s understanding and experience,this paper summarizes a 32 words formula for the scientific and technological innovation of engineering,and proposed the specific methods for scientific research innovation,such as“first principle,demand guidance,positive extrapolation,interdisciplinary,reverse thinking,node exhaustion”,as well as the concepts of model tree,node method and so on.The typical application of these methods is demonstrated by taking oil and gas drilling technology as an example.