江苏裸大麦品种农艺及营养品质性状分析

Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Nutritional Quality of Naked Barley Varieties in Jiangsu

为探究江苏裸大麦品种农艺性状及营养品质的差异,本研究利用差异显著性、相关性、聚类及主成分分析对9份裸大麦品种的7个农艺性状和7个营养品质指标进行了比较。结果表明,不同裸大麦品种的农艺性状差异显著,变异范围为9.73%~28.58%;品质性状的变异范围是2.53%~16.13%,不同品种间可溶性膳食纤维含量、粗纤维含量和β-葡聚糖含量存在较大差异。相关性分析发现,产量与有效穗呈显著正相关,β-葡聚糖含量分别与株高和生育期呈显著和极显著正相关,与产量呈显著负相关。聚类分析将裸大麦品种分为3类,第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ大类为江苏裸大麦品种,第Ⅲ大类为西藏裸大麦品种。主成分分析共提取了4个主成分,其中主成分1和主成分2的方差贡献率分别为40.89%和28.52%,主成分1中β-葡聚糖含量和可溶性膳食纤维含量与主成分2中穗粒数、粗纤维含量和总膳食纤维含量可作为评价裸大麦资源的主要指标。综上说明,江苏裸大麦品种的品质性状与西藏裸大麦品种相比存在较大差距,西藏裸大麦品种H1品质性状较好,但存在结实率较低、易倒伏和产量低等问题,还需要进一步改良;江苏裸大麦中H2和H7综合表现较好,H9在所有裸大麦品种中产量最高。本研究将为江苏裸大麦生产中品种选择及改良提供重要参考。

In order to e xplore the differences of agronomic characters,nutritional quality among naked barley varieties in Jiangsu,7 agronomic characters and 7 nutritional quality indexes of 9 naked barley varieties were compared by significance,correlation,cluster and principal component analysis.The results showed that there were significant differences in agronomic characters among different varieties.The variation of agronomic characters ranged from 9.73%to 28.58%.The variation of quality characters ranged from 2.53%to 16.13%.There were significant differences between crude fiber content,soluble dietary fiber content andβ-glucan content among different varieties.Correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between effective panicles and field.β-glucan content was significantly and extremely significantly positively correlated with growth period and plant height,but was significantly negatively correlated with yield.Cluster analysis showed that naked barley varieties were divided into three distinct clusters.Jiangsu naked barley varieties were grouped into clusterⅠand clusterⅡ.ClusterⅢcontained one variety from Tibet.Principal component analysis showed that four principal components were extracted.The variance contribution ratio of the principal component 1 and 2 were 46.19%and26.85%respectively.The content ofβ-glucan and soluble dietary fiber content which represented principal component 1 and kernel number,crude fiber content and total dietary fiber content which represented principal component 2 were the main indicators in the evaluation of naked barley resources.In conclusion,there was a big gap between Jiangsu and Tibet naked barley varieties in quality traits.H1 had the best quality traits.However,further improvement was needed because H1 still had some deficiencies such as low seed setting rate,easy lodging and low yield when it was planted in Jiangsu.The comprehensive performances of H2 and H7 were better than other Jiangsu varieties.H9 had the highest yield among all the varieties.This research would provide an important reference for the selection and improvement of varieties in Jiangsu naked barley production.